Beyond Good and Evil

by Nietzsche, Friedrich

Published: January 1, 1886

Read: August 18, 2023

★★★★★

Review

Dense, no book has taken me more rereads per page to understand. He writes with this self-righteous wit in long winding sentences. But the density of original insights per page is amazing, if hard to fully grasp. It must be said Nietzche is a genius. He explores the human psyche with a piercing, original gaze; presenting an amoral, cynical, solitary elitism. It is less a new philosophy and more a debasing of other philosophies. It is perhaps one level of analysis too many and I find it ultimately life-eroding. Even Nietzche acknowledges his ideas are toxic at the beginning of the book, however some just can't stay away. Philosophy is after all the most intellectual will to power and if you find yourself on this path no one mentions the dangers and failure modes as much as Nietzche. Top Quotes “What? A great man? I always see merely the play actor of his own ideal" “Cynicism is the only form in which the base souls approach what is called honesty” 'The great periods of our life occur when we gain the courage to rechristen what is bad about us as what is best" "there should be long obedience in the same direction, there thereby results, and has always resulted in the long run, something which has made life worth living" "Every deep thinker is more afraid of being understood than being misunderstood. The latter perhaps wound his vanity; but the former wounds his heart, his sympathy, which always says: ‘Ah, why would you also have as hard a time of it as I have?'"

Notes

#Book by [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] Beyond good and evil

Top Quotes/Ideas

"What? A great man? I always see merely the play actor of his own ideal"
"Cynicism is the only form in which the base souls approach what is called honesty”
Lover of knowledge will listen carefully whenever someone talks without indignation about "hunger, sexual instinct, and vanity as the real and only motives of human actions”
Philosophers are just ardent defenders of their prejudice pretending and mastering it in logic and t r U t h
- "For every impulse is imperious and as such attempts to philosophize”
Don’t chase truth
- it makes you headstrong and animalizes and spoils the innocence of your conscience
- Choose the good solitude which lets you remain good in any sense
"Our entire instinctive life [is the] development and ramification of one fundamental form of will - namely the will to power”
'The great periods of our life occur when we gain the courage to rechristen what is bad about us as what is best.'
"He who fight with monsters should be careful lest he thereby become a monster. And if you gaze kind into an abyss, the abyss will also gaze into thee”
"The essential thing is…there should be long obedience in the same direction, there thereby results, and has always resulted in the long run, something which has made life worth living "
Plato "at the expenditure of all his strength-the greatest strength a philosopher has ever expended-that reason and instinct lead spontaneously to one goal, to the good, to God”
your moral systems should be different according to your rank, universal systems are harmful
- "for instance, in a person created and destined for command, self denial and modest retirement, instead of being virtues, would be the waste of virtues "
"honesty, granting that it is the virtue of which we cannot rid ourselves, we free spirits” for it is our "god”
as few people as possible should reflect on morals, it’s tedious and dangerous
- "Is moralizing not immoral?”
"through bad female cooks— through the entire lack of reason in the kitchen— the development of mankind has been longest retarded”
Jews and Russians most likely to impact future of Europe
Morality is selfglorification, honoring whatever he recognizes in himself
"it is quite impossible for a man NOT to have the qualities and predilections of his parents and ancestors in his constitution”
"Make thy heart small” a Chinese proverb is fundamental tendency in late civs ^b9dc1c
"He who knows the heart finds out how poor, helpless, pretentious, and blundering even the best and deepest love is- he finds it rather destroy than saves”
Ambition men look on everyone as means of advance or delay/hinderance

Intro

Neitzche huge Arthur Schopenhauer fan and started agreeing but by end of life thought he was wrong about major points
- Atheism
- Life is suffering
- Will, whole world manifest it and is form of striving
  - That is we are desires, striving, and urges, conscious and unconsciously expressed through the body
  - Essence is will to live with us survive reproduce possess consume
  - Things against will bring suffering
- Transcend through leaving behind willing
  - Nirvana, negtation of will
  - Lose sense of individual ness and view world as while
1868 thought elevated art could cope with world with suffering
1882 while walking in Swiss Alps, how could one affirm ones own life? In you darkest moment how would you cope with the fact your life will recur forever
Thus spoke Zarathustra, make way for overman that can aim higher than any human
- Don’t negate the will, but affirm it
- Embrace suffering with "a type of strength that is big enough to commit to truthfulness about the world”
- Fundamental will is will to power
Truth
- Will to truth of philosophy, asking why we don’t seek useful untruths
- Christianity gave people meaning and purpose, but truth gave us nihilism ^ad81a0
- Every great philosophy is simply is protection of their feelings of mostly though they try to act high and intellectual
The self
- Instead of consciousness, there are multiple internal sub processes viaing for attention
- Denies free well and stable identity
- Good and evil mean someone is responsible and blameworthy
- What does it show about you that you think you are completely or not at all responsible?
Morality
- Different cultures have different values
- Main idea, Compassion as virtue is criticized
  - Evil in dominating and harming others for egoistic desires
  - Slave morality
- Master morality of nobility
  - Minor if they are strong, self during, able to exercise part over themselves and others, value honesty, courage, and generosity of spirit
  - Mark tenants out as higher rank
  - Nobility right of themselves as good and bad is weak masses without prowess or power
- As masses came up with morality, they grew to resent powerful and things they pride
Suffering and sympathy
- To Schopenhauer most important impulse was sympathy to alleviate suffering of others
- Sometimes helping suffering others can be disguised egotism as you are superior over them
  - "Compassion can sometimes be just as much a form of power seeking as cruelty”
- His chief objection of sympathy is that it as prime good says preventing suffering is ideal as if humans are weak and vulnerable creatures who need safety
  - Safety avoids adventure and growth
- Suffering is opportunity for growth and necessary for high achievements
- Believe humans naturally gain feelings of power from inflicting suffering and from seeing it inflicted
- Dangerous view
Religion
- Hate Christianity, and the virus it has created in society
- Believe Europe will decline as slave morality continues
- Says ones natural urges and bodily existence is sinful and forbidden
- God had run its course and serves no purpose
- Morality of Christianity so entrained it will survive death of religion
The metaphysics of opposites
- Tend to think of things in opposites
  - good comes from pure human and bad from base urge
  - Plato same pattern
  - Tension between mundane humanity and a beyond, something higher and supreme
  - Also in truth and duties
- Christianity is Platonism for the masses
- Self too free is from dichotomies and return us to nature
- Humans are from the empirical nature world and should be conceptualizef as such
- Things aren’t completely good or evil and commonality between them
  - Selfishness might be selfishly
  - Truth might arise out of error
  - Like slave morality that champions meekness, but as a form of powerseeking
Will to power
- Book complied by notes after death by sister
- Power is not political but bodily will to power where philosophy is most intellectual will to power
  - Humans gain feelings of power through agency, self expression and growth attained through overcoming resistance
- One internal drive can command the others and dialing them into unity
- Morality is about Compassion so if hampers the great achievement
The affirmation of life
- Man counters many cherished beliefs
- Say yes to life
  - Instead of curtailing life, value dynamic expansive, exploitative that can advance humanity
  - Those capable of expressing well to power can grow to fuller selves without need to discriminate between good and evil, halides and suffering, Compassion and cruelty
- Easily used by those with dubious political or social goals
- If greatness possible nowadays? Often writes as if only s few can score greatness

Preface

So far most dogmatic philosophy had mostly been beginner error based on some superstition, play on words or grammar, generalization of some very human fact
Most dangerous error is plato’s, pure sppirit and good in itself
- Inversion of truth and denial of perspective
- Created great tension of soul in Europe

prejudices of philosophers

Why don’t we seek untruth or ignorance?
Philosophers seem to think there is some divine origin of it highest values
"Fundamental belief of metaphysicians is the belief in antithesis of values "
- "It might even be possible that what constitutes the value of those good and respected things consists precisely in their being insidiously related knotted and crocheted to those evil and distantly opposed things-perhaps even being essentially identical with them " ^b66945
  - New philosophers needed to ask these questions
- Greater part of conscious thinking of philosophers is instinctual
  - For example, certain more valuable than uncertain and truth over illusion are natural but perhaps superficial valuations needed for or mode of life
- Perhaps falseness shouldn’t be a counter argument
  - in a world where opinion should be judged on if they are life preserving and furthering
  - "Recognize untruth as condition of life”
    - A philosophy that sure this will be being good and evil
Philosophers are just ardent defenders of their prejudice pretending and mastering it in logic and t r U t h
- "For every impulse is imperious and as such attempts to philosophize”
- Every philosophy always creates the worries in it’s own image as philosophy is itself the tyrannical impulse itself, will to power, well to creation of works
  - Stoic thought they were living in accordance with natural nature but nature is indifferent, just silliness and will to power
Natural philosophy is a World Exposition and world arrangement, but not a world explanation
- Naturalists destroy the soul, but it is one of the oldest most venerated ideas so not necessary.
  - Refine it ideas to mortal soul and soul as social structure or something
- Platonic thoughts resists obvious sense evidence and give greater enjoyment so useful
I will or I think
- It sounds simple ads so true, but based on complex ideas and assumptions
- Probably not wrong, but that doesn’t mean it’s truth
- Don’t mix symbol world with things as it returns us to myth
All philosophy springs from natural human inclinations explain how you seem similar ideas across culture
Psychology is the developmental doctrine of the will to power
Moral prejudice has penetrated deeply into the most intellectual world, though you would think that works is unprejudiced
A proper physiopsychology has to explain both the good and bad impulse, and more so explain all good impulses as derived from bad ones
- If you regard "hated, envy, covetousness, and imprisoned as life conditioning emotions”
  - Will suffer from kind of sea sickness and many reasons to stay away from it
  - "there are in fact a hundred good reasons why every one should keep away from it who CAN do so! On the other hand, if one has once drifted hither with one's bark, well! very good! now let us set our teeth firmly! let us open our eyes and keep our hand fast on the helm! We sail away right OVER morality, we crush out, we destroy perhaps the remains of our own morality by daring to make our voyage thither—but what do WE matter. Never yet did a PROFOUNDER world of insight reveal itself to daring travelers and adventurers, and the psychologist who thus "makes a sacrifice"—it is not the sacrifizio dell' intelletto, on the contrary!—will at least be entitled to demand in return that psychology shall once more be recognized as the queen of the sciences, for whose service and equipment the other sciences exist. For psychology is once more the path to the fundamental problems."
    - But if you have drifting into it, let us set our teeth firmly, open our eyes and keep our hands fast on the helm. We will crush our own morality, but what do we matter. To those who sacrifice will reach profound world of insight and psychology can one again by the Queen of the science of which all sciences serve and path to fundamental problems

the free spirit ^333479

life and knowledge is built on ignorance
The best knowledge seeks to retain us in this false simple state
- Don’t chase truth
it makes you headstrong and animalizes and spoils the innocence of your conscience
Choose the good solitude which lets you remain good in any sense
Moral indignation is stupid, philosophers sacrificing for truth are just forcing the actor within them out
"Every select man strives instinctively for a citadel a privacy, where he is free from the crowd… where he may forget ‘men who are the rule’ as their exception”
"exclusive only of the case in which he is pushed straight to such men by a still stronger instinct, as a discerner in the great and exceptional sense”
- An elevated man glistens in the green of distress from the disgust, satiety, sympathy, gloominess and solitary ness
- Studying the average man sucks
  - "The long and serious study of the average man-and consequently much disguise self overcoming familiarity and bad intercourse(all intercourse is bad intercourse except with one’s equals) that constitutes a necessary part of the life history of every philosopher perhaps the most disagreeable and odious part.”
  - Cynics will make it easier to understand
    - "Cynicism is the only form in which the base souls approach what is called honesty”
    - Lover of knowledge will listen carefully whenever someone talks without indignation about "hunger, sexual instinct, and vanity as the real and only motives of human actions”
      - "No one is such a liar as the indignant man”
Translation is hard because of tempo of its style
- Machiavelli prince contrasts a allegrisdimo with heavy thoughts
- Lessing is good
- Aristophanes is great, even Plato loved him
"It is the business of the very few to be independent, it is a privilege of the strong”
- shows strength and daring
- Entering into labyrinth with many dangers no one can help you with
- Can lose way and be torn by some Minotaur of conscience
- So far from comprehension of man there is no sympathy
- No going back
Exoteric(public) and esoteric
- "Our deepest insights must and should appear as follies and under certain circumstances as crimes when they come unauthorizedly to the ears of those who are not disposed and predestined from them”
- esoteric looks downward from above
  - Heights where tragedy and massive woe doesn’t demand sympathy
- Refinement for upper class can be pain to lower and common virtue can be Vice for philosophers
In youth, we don’t have nuisance looking for yes and no(good and evil)
- "Youth tortured by continual disillusions, finally turned suspiciously against itself” ^9081de
  - beats itself for its self blinding
  - Distrust your own sentiments, tortures enthusiasm with doubt
  - good conscience becomes danger
  - But this is just more youthful folly
For longest time, value of action from consequences, pre moral
- China, child outcomes are responsibility of parent
Moral, value of action lie in its origin or intention
Ultra moral, value of action lies in that which is not intentional ^6845cf
- as intention is just the surface of sign. A sign with many interpretations and thus hardly any meaning
- Intention morality is like astrology, a prejudice to be surmounted
Sentiment of surrender, sacrifice for neighbor, self renunciation had far too much sugar
- Are they just deceptions,
- should we believe it just because it feels good and enjoyed by the actor and its spectator, if anything we should be even more cautious
The most certain thing is the vast errors of the world in which we think we live
- So innocent to expect conscience to produce honest answers
- Philosophers should be distrustful
"It is nothing more than a moral prejudice that truth is worth more than semblance; it is in fact the worst proved supposition in the world”
"Why might not the world which concerns us be a fiction?”Suppose nothing is real buAt our works of desire and passion
- The material world is as real as our emotions
- Many organic process of life of self regulation and change of matter are primary form of life and material
- For simplicity, we can say will is the only causality, the will operating in the world
  - Will operates only on other wills, matter is just effect of will
  - "Our entire instinctive life [is the] development and ramification of one fundamental form of will - namely the will to power”
We misunderstand the past to made it endurable
Happiness and virtue are not arguments for truth. And neither are unhappy and bad arguments for falsehood
- This could be true and dangerous
- Strength of mind could be matured by the amount of truth it can endure
"Everything that is profound loves the mask”
- Actions of love and generosity that are best obscured
- There is Not just deceit behind the mask, but goodness in craft
- Man with depths of shame will make decisions that even close friends won’t know
  - Will evade communication
  - A mask of himself will occupy his place in the hearts and heads of his friends
"Every profound spirit needs a mask; nay more around every profound spirit there continually grows a mask, owing to the constantly false, that is to say superficial interpretation of every word he utters, every step he takes, every sign of life he manifests”
Don’t cleave? detach? from anything, conserve oneself the best test of independence
New philosophers are coming, tempters
- Love Ruth but not dogmatic as their opinion is only theirs and no one else’w
- "Renounce the bad taste of wishing to agree with many people”
- Very Free spirits
- Free spirits currently called that are modern men without solitude and they suck
  - Equality of rights and sympathy with all sufferers
- Will to life increased to Will to power
  - Everything wicked and terrible in many servers as well for the elevation of the human spirit as its opposite
- These free spirits don’t define what they are free from and where the will will go
- Escaped from agreeable culture and seductions of honor and money, grateful for illness, inquisitive to a fault, ready for wisdom, misers off of wealth, economical in learning and forgetting, friends of solitude The religious mood
The human soul and inner experiences are psychologist big game but require immense experience and intellect to formulate
- It’s so rare to find one must do it themselves
Faith early Christian’s desired
- Pascals continuous suicide of reason
- I’d sacrifice of all freedom, pride and self confidence of spirit
  - But subjection of spirit is painful
- Took revenge on Rome for it was their very half stoic smiling insistence to the seriousness of faith that made the slaves indignant and revolt
"Enlightenment causes revolt for the slave desires the unconditioned, he understands nothing but the tyrannous " no nuance
Skepticism with refers to suffering is fundamentally only from aristocratic morality
Religious neurosis tends to appear with Three dangerous prescriptions: solitude, fasting, and sexual abstinence
- Is this cause or effect though
- One of the most regular symptoms is sudden excessive sensuality then transforms into world and will renunciation
  - Religious crisis and awakening
Schopenhauer started philosophy with the question, how is the negation of all, the Saint possible
- What is interesting in Saints is the idea of morally antithetical good and bad, saint good,
Latin tend to fall to religious outbreak more than northerners like "us”( German?)
Religious life of ancient Greeks has so much gratitude
Mightiest man bowed to saint for strength of will and self subjection in which their recognized their own strength and love if power
- Reverence of saints gave mighty suspicion that all that effort to self negate has reason, perhaps an ascetic gained something some knowledge from his conversations and visitors
  - Mighty saw a new power here, the will to power
Old Testament of divine Justice and what man one was is combined with the New Testament I the book of grace in one Bible is the greatest sin against spirit of literary Europe
Though "the religious instinct is in vigorous growth, it rejects the theistic satisfaction with profound distrust.”
- Modern philosophy almost rejects Descartes dualism
- I think looked at as I creates thinking but perhaps thinking creates I
Three important religious cruelty
- Man sacrificed human beings to god sometimes those they loved most
- With morality, man surrendered is strongest instincts
- Finally man sacrifices everything comforting and holy and hopefully, sacrifice god itself
  - "Out of cruelty to themselves worship stone, stupidity, gravity, fate, nothingness”
  - "To sacrifice god for nothingness-this paradoxical mystery of the ultimate cruelty has been reserved for the rising generation; we all know something thereof already "
This century has half German narrowness half Christian pessimism in form of Schopenhauer philosophEr
Whoever looks into the most world renouncing of all thoughts beyond good and evil and Buddha and Schopenhauer will behold "the ideal of the most world approving, exuberant, and vivacious man, who had not only learnt to compromise and arrange with that which was and is, but wishes to have it again as it was and us, for all eternity, invariably calling it da capo, not only to himself, but to the whole piece and play "
"The distance and as it were space around man grows with the strength of his intellectual vision and insight: his world becomes profound; New stars, New engines, and notions are ever coming into view.”
- perhaps god and sin will just be child like problems as we grow and we have new problems
Outwards idleness necessary for religious life, part of aristocratic sentiment with us dishonoring
- Laboring dissolves religiousness "so they no longer know what purpose religion serves, and only note their existence in the world with a kind of dull astonishment”
  - Feel occupied by business and pleasure
  - They will be religious if required with a patient, unassuming seriousness, and without curiosity or discomfort
  - majority of middle class and scholars
- German Scholar can’t take religion seriously
  - Scholar foolish belief in their own superiority and tolerance developing above the religious man
There is wisdom in men being superficial ^1aca4c
- Instinct makes them flighty and false
- If you need cult of superficial you probably went beneath it once
- Might find passionate love of pure forms and falsifying images in artists or philosophers
  - Life must have really disgusted then to so vastly seek to modify reality
- "It is the profound suspicious fear of an incurable pessimism which compels whole centuries to fasten their teeth into a religious interpretation of existence”
  - There will to the inversion of truth
- "Perhaps there has hitherto been no more effective means of buying man then piety”, man becomes so artful and superficial and did his appearance doesn’t offend
Try to love mankind for god sake is noble folly
Religion great for discipline and educating and additional tool for rulers
- The Brahmins understood this. They would nominate kings but kept apart from filth of politics
- Religion offers incentivizes for higher intellectually and solitude
- Asceticism and Puritanism are great means to ennoble race
- Majority of people who exist for service get contended ness with religion
  - " teaching even lowest to elevate themselves by piety to a seemingly higher order of things and thereby to retain their satisfaction with the actual world in which they find it difficult enough to live"
Cost of religion is always terrible and excessive when not used for education and discipline in heads of philosopher but as the end
Successful man is the exception as man is the animal not properly adapted to his environment
- So Religion preserves and defends sufferers and treat every other expressive as impossible
- So Religion works for deteriorations of human race and reverse value, to shatter the strong and cast suspicion on the delight in beauty
  - Rejects instincts of most successful tour of man like manly and conquering into uncertainty and self destruction
  - Abortion of man
- Man with the equality before god when there are radically different grades of man
  Chapter 4 apophtgegms and interludes
"he who is a thorough teacher takes things seriously-and even himself-only in relation to his pupils "
"Knowledge for its own sake” is snare laid to entangle one in morality
"It is not the strength, but the duration of great sentiments that makes great men"
Genius is unbearable without gratitude and purity
If a man has a character, then he has a common experience
- Man seeks to dominate or justify our honor or reproach or convey his habits
  - two men with same principles with seek different ends
Women learns how to hate in proportion as she forgets how to charm
- Man and woman have same emotions but different tempo so they ceaselessly misunderstand each other
When one fetters one’s heart, one’s spirit is free
Dreadful experiences raise questions whether they are not dreadful Ali
Heavy melancholy men turn lighter and come to the surface by that which makes others heavy, hatred and live
- Every hand that holds him shrinks back
- (maybe approaching darkness is the solution)
If your friendly you don’t hate but instead have contempt
"The maturity of man - that means to have reacquired the seriousness that one had as a child at play”
Being ashamed of immortality is first step on ladder which ends by being ashamed of one’s morality
"What? A great man? I always see merely the play actor of his own ideal”
One is the animalization of god
Reciprocal love should disenchant you as she is modest or stupid enough to love
Happiness makes you accept any fate, unfortunately
"A sign of strong character, when once the resolution has been taken, to shut ears even to the best counter arguments. Occasionally, therefore a will to stupidity”
"The intense expectation with regard to sexual love, and the counts in this expectation, spoils all the perspectives of women at the outset”
"Where there is neither love nor hatred in the game, Women’s play is mediocre”
Our best period of life is when we decide our badness is the best in us
- 'The great periods of our life occur when we gain the courage to rechristen what is bad about us as what is best.'
^645838
"The will to overcome an emotion is ultimately only the will of another, or several emotion "
"There is an innocence of admiration: it is possessed by him to whom it has not yet offered that he himself may be admired someday "
"Sensuality often forces the growth of love to much, so that it’s root remains weak, and is easily torn up”
"When we have to change an opinion about any one, we charge Heavily to his account the inconvenience he thereby caused us"
Women view science as hostile to shame, feel like deep invasion of privacy
Talent is an adornment and a concealment. You see who one is when they stop showing what they can do, when their talent decreases
The sexes deceive themselves about each other for they only love and honour themselves
- man wishes woman to be peaceful but she is essentially in peaceable however she masks it
- "In revenge and in love woman is more barbarous than man”
"He who cannot find the way to his ideal, lives more frivolously and shamelessly than the man without an ideal”
There are mediocre men in scholars and remarkable men in a mediocre artist
In conversation, we imagine and invent our other
"Our vanity would like what we do best to pass precisely for what is most difficult to us”
"When a woman has scholarly inclinations there is generally something wrong with her sexual nature”
- "Comparing man and woman generally, one may say that woman would not have the genius for adornment”
"He who fight with monsters should be careful lest he thereby become a monster. And if you gaze kind into an abyss, the abyss will also gaze into thee”
What is evil to one age is what was formerly considered good
"Around the hero, everything becomes a tragedy”
"What is done out of love always takes place beyond good and evil”
Absolutes are a pathology
"Insanity in individuals is something rare-but in groups,parties, nations, and epochs it is the rule”
"One live ultimately one’s desire, not the thing desired”
"There is an innoncence of lying which is the sign of good faith in a cause”
"I am affected not because you deceived me but because I can no longer believe in you”
"I dislike him. Why? I am not a match for him? Did anyone ever answer so?" The natural history of morals
Morality should focus on"What is proper for the present”, the survey and classification of the sentiments and distinctions of worth as they grow and perish with time
Philosophers wanted to create basis for morality as if it’s given
- Just expressed the current morality
- Some systems seem to validate author, others too Humble, others to conceal
- "In short, systems of morals are only a sign language of the emotions”
The real problems of morals are seen in comparison of many morals
"Every system of morals is a sort of tyranny against nature and also against reason "
- But you must have some moral system to be against tyranny and for reason in every form
- "Everything of the nature of freedom, elegance, boldness, dance exists” through tyranny of arbitrary law
"What is essential and invaluable in every system of morals, is that it a long constraint "
- (Not sure what this means)
- "The essential thing is…there should be long obedience in the same direction, there thereby results, and has always resulted in the long run, something which has made life worth living "
  - "Virtue, art music dancing reason spirituality, anything that is transfiguring, refined foolish or divine "
- From strict conformity to Aristotle promises to Christiany, this arbitrary unreasonableness is "the disciplinary means whereby the European spirit has attained its strength”
  - Much spirit did have to be stifled as well
- It is nature therefore which teaches us to hate laiseer aller, too great freedom. "Stupidity is a condition of life and development”
Every artist knows he doesn’t let go, what he does isn’t his natural condition
For centuries thinkers thought to prove something, now we are suspicious of every thinker trying to prove something
"Thou must obey some one, and for a long time; otherwise thou wilt come to grief, and lost all respect for thyself - this seems to me to be the moral imperative of nature”
- Applied to all nations, races, ages, and ranks
Fasts are necessary like sabbath day of creating desire for work again
- Zooming out, Generations can fast with a moral fanaticism and its during this time an instinct can purify and sharpen itself
  - Ie in the most Christian period, sexual instinct became love
Socratism says evil is error but it confuses god with useful and pleasant. Every system of utilitarianism does similar
How to value things, Faith/instinct or knowledge/reason?
- Rationality wants a Why, purpose and utility
- First appeared in Socrates
  - Socrates was on the side of reason laughing at noble men, which are men of instinct like all noble men, who couldn’t give good answers for their motives
  - "‘But why’ - (Socrates) said to himself ‘should one on that account separate oneself from the instincts! One must set them right, and the reason also-one must follow the instincts, but at the same time persuade the reason to support them with good arguments "
    - "Satisfied with a kind of self outwitting”
- Plato "at the expenditure of all his strength-the greatest strength a philosopher has ever expended-that reason and instinct lead spontaneously to one goal, to the good, to God”
  - Everyone since Plato had followed his lead
  - Which means in morality, instinct, faith, or the herd has triumphed over reason
- Descartes is an exception as the father of rationalism "recognizing only the authority of reason but reason is only a tool and Descartes was superficial”
The oldest and most common in knowledge and cognizance is the premature hypothesis, the fictions, stupid will to belief
- Our senses never fully develop to be reliable. We find it easier to pattern match some image or word to some past experience then see something new
- Our sense are hostile to new and so even in simple sensations emotions dominate
- We fabricate much of even our most remarkable experiences
- We have been accustomed to lying, one is very much an artist
  - Our understanding of the world far exceeds the strength of our senses, like seeing someone’s face and their emotions
  - Our dreams belong to our soul just as much as actual experiences
    - Dreaming of flying and its happiness would change how you perceive and long for happiness in real life
Differences of men isn’t only in their ranked list of what is desirable, but much more in what they regard as actually having and possessing a desirable thing "
- For example a woman (Levels of love)
  - One man would see sexual gratification and owning her body as ownership
  - Another see just this as questionable and wants her to give up something for him
  - Another asks when she gives something up for him is it just for a phantom of him and this wishes to be know deeply
    - When she loves his devilry and concealed insatiably as much as his goodness and patience
- Helpful people subtly set people up so they merit help, seek just their help, and are grateful and subservient for the help
  - Jealous when forestalled in their charity
  - Father and mother see child as possession
  - Every teacher, priest and princes sees in everyone an opportunity for a new possession
Jews born into slavery inverted value system
- fusing ideas of rich goodness wicked violent and sensual
- Fused ideas of Poor Saint friend
All moral systems about happiness are suggestions for behavior adapted to their environment, recipes for passions with mix of old wife wisdom
- All problematic because they generalize themselves to all when it’s not
- Expediency mixed with stupidity
- Indifference and coldness towards emotional folly like stoic
- No more laughing or wiping off Spinoza, destruction of emotion through analysis
- Aristotle enjoyment of emotion in art or live of god
- Or bold surrender to emotions of Haifa and Goethe especially for wise old Men for who it isn’ta dangers
Humans have always gathered in herds which have a few command and the rest follow
- it’s innate to need to follow some unconditinal command to do something and we seize and accept anything shouted in our ears by our commanders of parents laws public
- The problem of all this hesitation and retrogression is obedience is counter to the art of command
  - if we become too obedient there will be no leaders or they will suffer from a bad conscience and will have to deceive themselves to command as if they were actually obeying
    - This problem is current in Europe, moral hypocrisy of the commanding class where they pretend to obey some higher order (constitution, justice, god, or instruments of the people)
- European gregarious man glorifies his virtues of kindness, deference, industry, modesty, indulgence, sympathy where he is useful to the herd”
  - Constant attempts to replace commanders with summing together many of these men in constitutional representatives
    - But people love throwing off their responsibility to someone like Napoleon
In an age of dissolution with mixed races and contrary standards of value creates weak men
- The weak man wants the war within him to end and happiness appears as a soothing mode of thought like epicurean or Christianity
- But conflict can be additional incentive to life
  - if you have irreconcilable instincts and mastery/self control/self depiction for continuing conflict then you become predestined to conve conquer others like Caesar
- both these types of men appear at same time because of same cause
if maintenance of community determines morality then you can not have morality of loving your neighbor
A society with those honorable instincts called virtue that almost coincide with morality are ultra moral not moral
Gregarious morality of mediocrity and fear "herding animal morality" becomes popular in peaceful times like in Europe right now and ideas that elevate individual considered bad
- "Certain strong and dangerous instincts such as love of enterprise, foolhardiness, revengefulness, astuteness, rapacity, and love of power... cultivated (because they were perpetually required in the common danger against the common enemies)" were branded under nicer names but are now seen as dangerous and branded immoral
- Loftiest and strongest instincts that elevate the individual above the herd breaks community so defamed while tolerant mediocrity, sheep, becomes honor
- notice it's the men with modern ideas that is the herd
- "Democratic movement is the inheritance of Christian movement"
- socialist hate all but the herd and belief in morality of mutual sympathy
we turn to new philosophers who feel anguish by knowing what man could be Chapter 6 we scholars
protest against men in science declaring their insurance from philosophy, self glorification of learned man
- like "colorblind ness of utilitarian who sees nothing in philosophy but a series of retired systems and an extravagant expenditure which ' does nobody any good'" - me a few years ago
- or it's learning to reject all other philosophers from some loved philosophers, but then rejecting that philosophy too and so reject all of philosophy
without philosophy, shift to instinct of populace
Science has clearly visible competence while philosophy in its last throes reduced to theory of knowledge and don't dare go beyond its threshold
philosophies demands from himself verdict of life is worth living and must journey through perhaps destroying and disturbing experiences
Society often mistakes a scientific man or god intoxicated man with a philosopher
- hear living wisely as living prudently and apart
- "Wisdom: that seems to the populace to be a kind of flight,a means and artifice for withdrawing successfully from a bad game; but the genuine philosopher... lives 'unphilosophical' and 'unwisely', above all imprudently and feels the obiligation and burden of a hundred attempts and temptations of life-he risked himself constantly, he plays this bad game."
types of man
- normie, commonplace man
  - Nonruling, no authoritative, non self sufficient
  - Industry, patient adaptable ness to rank and file, equanimity and moderation in capacity and rewuitemny
  - knows what normies want including
    - Rest from labor, claim to honour(supposes general recognition), ratification of usefulness and value
- Learned man
  - Petty envy, critical of other/higher types of man, unmoved by joy or sympathy,
objective man is really just a mirror before everything that wants to be known (naive ea)
- withou with just desire to know and reflect
- with his personality seeming to be an arbitrary accident
- (I was insulted by saying I was just a mirror once, trying to avoid having a personality; is this an ea)
- Makes mistakes about his needs, here only is he unrefined and negligent
- when he reflects "his thoughts always rove away to the more general case"
- "he is serene not from lack of trouble but from lack of capacity for grasping and dealing with his trouble" (the mask many men wear)
- (stoic) dangerous indifference
- He can't show much love or hatred, he might even at this point show himself to be false, fragile, questionable, deteriorated
  - Only genuine in so far as he can be objective
  - He does not command affirm deny or destroy
- overall an instrument, a slave to be cared for and respected but no goal or frame and content, a 'selfless' man
- Also nothing for women
When philosopher says he is not a skeptic, masses confused and see it as dangerous
- "There is...no better soporific and sedative than skepticism, the mild, pleasing, lulling poppy of skepticism"
  - Skeptic the easily frightened creature loves his noble aloofness his Socrates "I know that I know nothing"
  - Skepticism is the social expression of nervous debility and sickly ness arising from many classes and races suddenly blending
    - New generation struggles with tentativeness and conflicting virtues preventing any of their cultivation, and most important no will, no feeling of informing of decision
- objective ness, scientific spirit is just decked out skepticism and paralysis of will
France to German to England to Russia from least to most will
Skepticism "gives the spirit a dangerous liberty, but it keeps strict guard over the heart "
New philosophers will be more critic then skeptic
- men of experiment in New dangerous sense, operators more daring than democratic century can approve of
- Unlike a skeptic, critics have standards of worth and capacity for self responsibility
- will have a certain considerate cruelty which knows how to deftly handle a knife and be stern even when the heart bleeds
- will not expect truth to please, inspire or elevate them
  - "that thought elevates me, why should it not be true"
  - "That work enchants me, why should it not be beautiful"
- will have every habit associated with intellectual rigor and purity
new philosophers will need to be everything from historian and peer to moralist and free spirit to traverse range of human values to then create his own values
philosophical workers like land and Hegel formalize some existing values subjecting past into intelligible form
- Real philosophers are law givers and say thus shall it be
  - their knowing is creating, their creating is Law giving, their will to truth is-will to power.
author finds it obvious that philosopher is indispensable for the future so always contradicts the present
- Philosophers Mission is to be "the bad conscience of their age"
  - To point out the hypocrisy and self indulgence and self neglect under contemporary morality
In a vast world of specialties, a philosopher would determine worth based on how much a man could bare and take upon himself(is this the quote)
- in an age of weakness of will, strength of will and prolonged resolution must be part of greatness
  - In an opposite age, the opposite doctrine of being humble, renouncing, and a selfless humanity would be just as good like in 16th century
    - in Socrates day of old conservatives Atheniansj letting themselves go for the sake of happiness, irony was necessary for greatness
  - at present where herding animals highest honor, greatness means capable to be different, stand alone, to live by personal initiative. "The most solitary, the most concealed, the most divergent, the man beyond good and evil, the master of his virtue, and of super abundance of will"
being a philosophy can't be taught, must be learned through experience
- all popular ideas about philosophers are false just repeated by people with no experience
thinking to a philosopher is same as deeply and seriously considering it, thinking as a trouble
the highest problems repel all but someone predestined to solve it, people who are bred for it in their blood, with generations paving the way and each virtue acquired, nurtured and embodied Chapter 7 our virtues
if we must have virtues, it’s only those in agreement with our secret, heartfelt inclinations
morality as an attitude has fallen out of style like religious as an attitude did in our fathers time
psychologist enjoy analyzing the bourgeoise, but how bout looking at Way mediocrity, the rule, behaves towards lofty spirits, the exception
- mediocre love equality before god and moral standard where they are finally equal to intellectually endowed
- they would get mad if you say lofty spiritual is different class than respectability of merely moral man, but instead flatter them by saying lofty is ultimate product of moral qualities
what interests higher spirits is uninteresting to average man
Whoever offers sacrifice knows that he wanted and obtained something for it or to feel himself more
"and after all, truth is a woman; one must not use force with her.”
your moral systems should be different according to your rank, universal systems are harmful
- "for instance, in a person created and destined for command, self denial and modest retirement, instead of being virtues, would be the waste of virtues "
Nothing really fits hybrid Europe so it just wears costumes of moral, beliefs, artistic tastes, and religions and laughs
- Nothing from this period may last but the laughter as parodists of world history
- current Europeans have the skill of a historical sense, or ability to quickly understand gradations of valuations a community/people lived by
  - it’s a ignoble sense, great men like Homer and Voltaire and Shakespeare who have a ready disgust for the strange and different struggle to understand this plebeian curiosity/sense
  - men of historical sense are modest, brave, grateful, and habituated to self control
  - What most escapes men of historical sense is the perfection and maturity of any culture, the nobility, the good taste, the glorifications of human life before the infinite
    - we itch for this infinite
Hedonism, pessimism, utilitarianism, or eudaemonism, modes of thought that value based on pleasure and pain, are looked down on by everyone conscious of creative power/artist conscience
- these modes want to do away with suffering, but the discipline of great suffering has produced all of humanity’s elevation
  - The tension of the soul in misfortune possesses a great energy which creatively undergoes, endures, interprets, and exploits misfortune with whatever greatness the soul has
  - for man is both creature and creator, focusing on just creature suffering when creature is meant and must necessarily suffer is naïveté philosophically
grumbling slave class strives for power calling it freedom
we immoralists are woven in a net of duty we can’t disengage from, we are men of duty gnashing our teeth though fools say we are men without duty
"honesty, granting that it is the virtue of which we cannot rid ourselves, we free spirits” for it is our "god”
- let us be careful lest our honesty became our vanity/sanctity and stupidity for "every virtue inclines to stupidity, every stupidity to virtue”
"Is life not a hundred times to short for us-to bore ourselves? One would have to believe in eternal life in order to…” (… Not my own)
as few people as possible should reflect on morals, it’s tedious and dangerous
- "Is moralizing not immoral?”
English utilitarians want English morality to became the authoritative morality so English happiness is best served, focused on comfort and fashion
almost all higher culture is based on cruelty, enjoyment in one’s own suffering and causing others suffering, self denial, repentance, loves cruelty towards himself
- Every desire for knowledge often has drop of cruelty as you go against your ”fundamental will of spirit” which aims at superficiality/simplicity when you are logical and learn deeply
  - this spirit adopts a preference for ignorance and delight in uncertainty, it turns the New into the old arrangement producing a feeling of growth of increased power
  - this spirit wears disguises to deceive other spirits, wears an outside "for every outside is a cloak”
    - a kind of cruelty towards intellectual taste in every man of knowledge
there are a class of topics that give us such strong convictions that learning more about the topic can only lead to self knowledge of the great stupidity we embody, like men and women. Here are my truths for women:
- nothing is "more hostile to women than truth, her great art is falsehood, her chief concern is appearance and beauty"
- we seek their company because their delicate follies make our seriousness appear as folly to us
- "through bad female cooks— through the entire lack of reason in the kitchen— the development of mankind has been longest retarded”
- women are like birds, delicate, wild, animating, to be cooped up to prevent it from flying away
- Stupid to dream of equal right and obligations, any man of depth must conceive of women as property like Asians
- Women believe they are progressing when in fact they are declining even in influence as their rights increase
  - unlearning fear of man which sacrifices her most womanly instincts
  - sacrificing faith in a different ideal for woman and idea women are to be cared for and protected like a house pet
  - slavery isn’ t a counter argument as is a condition of every higher culture
  - do women really want to adopt all the stupidities of European men and general culture and become as incapable of raising robust children
  - Culture and education has never made women influential, it’s her nature and force of will
  - "fear and sympathy it is with these feelings that man has hitherto stood in the presence of woman, always with one foot already in tragedy”
  - there’s no god beneath all this only a modern idea Chapter 8 peoples and countries
there are hours when we good Europeans allow ourselves a patriotism of anguish, excitement, and flood of sentiment before returning to reason
- But duller spirits undergo same flood over time period of months to lifetimes
two old patriots talking:
- People mistake massive and power for great, when it used to be greatness required great ideas
- A statesman that convinced his populace that high politics would subvert their desires and stimukate their passions so it narrowed the mind would be:
  - speaker says strong but not great
  - Other says great cuz it wouldn’t work otherwise
  - Neitzche says stronger may soon become master of the strong
Democratic movement of Europe by weakening united races produces two types of men
- mostly mediocrizing of men that is industrious, clever, and gregarious
- but also slowly emerging super national, nomadic man that is exceptional and dangerous that would shock those pushing these modern ideas
for future weak willed worker Europeans are ripe for the most subtle sense of slavery and need and cultivate a class of commanders and tyrants that will reach a new height of strength and wealth
Germans are made up of most extraordinary mingling of races and are contradictory and terrifying
to German obscure, evolving, and uncertain is deep
- "The German himself dots not exist, he is becoming, he is developing himself. Development is therefore the essentially German discovery "
- Conflicting nature like good nature and spiteful was systematized by Hegel and set to music by Richard Wagner
- Germany love the convenience of honesty and it’s the most dangerous and successful disguise
- people talk of German depth and deception, we know it’s a joke but it’s good and on brand to keep up appearances
mozart still speaks to us, last echo of great European taste which had existed for centuries
Beethoven was last echo during style transition from twilight of eternal loss to eternal extravagant hope
- Same light as dreaming with Rousseau, dancing during revolution, and adoration before napeleon
whole music of romanticism is second rate music
singers of Beethoven are Rousseau, schiller, Shelley, bryon
Felix Mendelssohn good musician, Schumann bad
"There is art in every good sentence - art which must be divined, if the sentence is to be understood! If there is a misunderstanding about it’s TEMPO, for instance, the sentence itself is misunderstood”
- Those without this ear are basically deaf to style
- in ancient times everyone knew how to speak so orators lead highest pitch
two types of countries and genius which seek each other out
- Seek to become cause of new modes of life like Jews, Roman’s, and germans
- seek to be fructified and made to bring forth like Greeks and French
Europe owes the Jews the entire romanticism, the most attractive elements of Europeans culture gleaming sky
- "I have never yet met a German who was favorably inclined to the Jews”, but actually antisemitism has dangerous excess it’s prudent to avoid
- "The Jews, however, are beyond all doubt the strongest, toughest, and purest race at present living in Europe” owing to resolute faith that only alters very slowly
- Jews and Russians most likely to impact future of Europe
The serious European problem is rearing new European ruling caste, the many groups of Europe
- England lacks real intellectually depth, is why needs religion to moralize
  - Englishman suck at music and dancing
  - there are truths best recognized by mediocre minds like Darwin, John Stuart mill, and Herbert Spencer with a industrious narrowness
    - Highly developed minds are not best for determining common facts, they don’t have to just perceive new, they have to be and represent something new with new values
  - "modern ideas” or "ideas of eighteenth century” or "French ideas” that German mind rose up in disgust against is of English origin with French just best soldiers/victims for
- French still has most intellectual and refined culture in Europe though its well Concealed
  - high culture men keep their ears closed to the folly of democratic bourgeois
  - ideas from men like Hegel, Schopenhauer, heine, Paris, taine, and the great henri belle
  - three things showing intellectual superiority
    - Artistic emotion and form creating great literature
    - Moralistic culture with psychological sensitivity and curiosity, Germans behind centuries
    - synthesis of north and south so can comprehend more than English (maybe north and south is England and German unclear)
current nationality is an interlude for Europe wishes to be one
Richard Wagner and later French romanticism off forties is one Europe spirit we’re great class of discovers and all of them finally sinking down at Christian cross.
- is Wagner music german? "for what ye hear is rome- romes faith by intuition”

Chapter 9 What is Noble?

every elevation of man has been work of aristocracy society, with gradations of rank and some form of slavery
- the ruling caste learns to look and keep down subordinates creating longing for an ever new, rarer higher elevation
- Truth is hard
Every higher civilization originated when men with unbroken strength of will and desire for power, barbarians, dominated weaker, more moral/peaceful race
- Noble caste always barbarian caste with more psych powers being more complete men
corruption manifests itself differently depending on organization
- like French aristocracy at beginning of revolution discarding privileges with disgust was corruption concluding gradual fall of aristocracy into solely royal decoration
Healthy aristocracy sees itself as highest justification for society sporting then to elevate themselves to higher existence
- Refraining from violence and exploitation is good conduct, but if taken as fundamental principle is denial of life as life is essentially conquest, exploitation, growth, ascendancy
  - "life is precisely the will to power”
there are two primary types of morality: master and slave
- master morality
  - Ruling class good is exalted, proud disposition which determines rank and bad is opposite; ie noble and despicable
    - despicable are cowardly, timid, insignificant, distrustful, and above all liars
      - "We truthful one’s - the nobility in Ancient Greece called themselves”
  - it’s obvious designations of moral values were originally applied to men and only later actions
    - Asking why some action is praised is a mistake, noble men himself is judge and creator of values
      - "‘What is injurious to me is injurious in itself’”
    - Morality is selfglorification, honoring whatever he recognizes in himself
  - noble men help unfortunate not out of pity but abundance of power
  - Reverence for all that is severe and hard
  - antisympathy, hostile towards selflessness and acting for good of others
  - "it is the powerful who know how to honor” especially ancestors and not modern ideas and future
  - One has duties only towards equals, but towards rest whatever the heart desires and beyond good and evil
  - Necessity in having enemies as outlet for envy and arrogance
- slave morality
  - when oppressed and meek moralize it’s a pessimistic condemnation of man and his situation, a skepticism for virtues and happiness of powerful
  - Qualities which help sufferers are exalted like sympathy, patience, humility, and friendliness
  - "Slave morality is essentially the morality of Utility” serving as origin of famous good and evil
    - evil is power and dangerousness, that which arises fear; precisely what master morality calls good
    - The good man is the safe man, good natured and easily deceived
  - Desire for freedom, happiness and liberty are to slave morality what reverence and devotion is to aristocratic mode
    - love as a passion, a European specialty, is of noble origin
Noble men find vanity hard to understand as its self disrespecting to intentionally believe too much in one’s self
- historically Ordinary man waits for master to assign him value, even now
- but noble rare impulse of masters to assign value to themselves and to think well of themselves is more and more common and encouraged in our democratic social order mixing blood of slaves and masters
  - But ingrained in this impulse is an older, ample tendency which creates vanity
- vain person rejoices over every good opinion he hears about himself regardless of its truth/usefulness and suffers from every bad opinion ie actually just slave morality
a type becomes established and strong in long struggle against constant unfavorable conditions, but generates variations in surplus of protection and care as any breeder will tell you
- look at Greek polis or Venice for human rearing
  - Long struggle needs species that survives learning what qualities to develop and mature
    - Those qualities become virtues
  - Every aristocracy morality is intolerant in name of virtue justice for education of youth, control of women, marriage customs, relationships of young and old, and penal laws focused for degenerating
  - A stable, hard, warlike species of men emerges creating happy state
    - The old hard species becomes a luxury of taste not necessity and variations both of elevating and denigrating emerge
      - The individual dares to be a individual and detach
    - variations compete in rivalry for growth and self destruction to exploding egoism without restraint of previous morality
    - The individual stands out for self preservation, self elevation, and self deliverance
    - Danger re-emerges in the individual, into friends and neighbor, into heart of people and most personal recesses of desires and volitions
    - Moral philosophers will discover end is approaching and only mediocre type of man will endure so they preach become mediocre, by talking of moderation, dignity, duty, and brotherly love
instinct for rank and reverence is sign of high rank and can be used as test of souls
- vulgarity of many natures emerges when interacting with holy things or great book while great have involuntary silence, hesitation
  - Much is achieved when masses learn of holy experiences which they must keep unclean hands away from
- believers of modern ideas have disgusting lack of shame
"it is quite impossible for a man NOT to have the qualities and predilections of his parents and ancestors in his constitution”
- Whether diligent modern workers attached to a desk, commander fond of rude pleasures, or men of sensitive conscience sacrificing for god
- This is the problem of race
- Three things constituting plebeian type is offensive incontinence, sordid envy, or clumsy self vacating
- In our age; education and culture is essentially the art of deceiving heredity plebeianism
"Egoism belongs to the essence of a noble soul” ie belief others are in subjection and have to sacrifice themselves
- He acknowledges other equals only as an extension of egoism honoring part of himself in them
- Noble gives and takes prompted by instinct of required, giving in return, at root of his nature
"Make thy heart small” a Chinese proverb is fundamental tendency in late civs
Words are vocal symbols for ideas which are groups of sensations
- Not enough to use same words, must also map words to some internal experience or in other words have experiences in common
  - language progresses by making frequently recurring experiences abbreviated and understood more and more rapidly
- The fear of eternal misunderstandings is what keeps people of different sexes from too hasty attachments
Whichever group of sensations awaken, speak, and command most readily determines value hierarchy
language draws together men who can easily communicate which must rely on average and common experiences; this is probably the greatest force acting on mankind pushing towards ordinary
- More unique and refined man likely to stand alone and seldom propagate
  - "Succumb to accidents in their isolation” (is this a euphemism for suicide)
Corruption and ruination of higher men is the rule, the common experience
- there’s a universal inner desperateness of higher man
A psychologist, born soul diviner, requires healing away from what his insight lays upon his conscience in dealing with these broken men
- May turn against his lot and self destruct
- He learns great sympathy and contempt here the multitude, educated, visionaries learn great reverence for great men
  - The multitude workshop a god but the god was only a sacrificial animal
  - "Success has always been the greatest liar”
  - Work invents who created it, the great creators "are poor little fictions composed afterwards”
    - The great poets pretend to be stats and the people call them idealists
only women, who is clairvoyant in world of suffering and eager to help beyond her powers, has learnt of boundless devoted sympathy(is this his def of love) with false belief love can do everything
- "He who knows the heart finds out how poor , helpless, pretentious, and blundering even the best and deepest love is- he finds it rather destroy than saves”
- Holy fable of Jesus is martyrdom of knowledge of love ^1c82c5
  - A innocent, craving heart that demanded frantically to be loved, invented hell to send those who would not love him, and when finally enlightened about human love invented god who is all love but a higher kind, and then sought death ^f8fb85
every man who has suffered deeply has an intellectual arrogance that by suffering knows more than wisest can
- "Profound suffering makes noble; it separates”
- use disguises like Epicureanism and defensive against sorrowful and profound to deny they are broken, proud, incurable hearts
sense of Purity most profoundly separates man compelling him out of gloom into clearness, depth, and brightness
"Signs of nobility: never to think of lowering our duties to the rank of duties for everyone; to be unwilling to renounce or to share our responsibilities; to count our prerogative and the exercise of them amount our duties”
Ambition men look on everyone as means of advance or delay/hinderance
In all injuries, the noble soul is more at risk to grief or perish
Neitzche has always distrusted self knowledge and believing anything definite about himself
noble self control needed to only praise what you disagree with which you should do because praising agreement is praising oneself
- But people confuse praising for being right and then your friends with imbeciles
to lower oneself onto stupidity and fire of emotions like a horse and ride it for hours
Great thoughts are like stars, can take generations before light reaches and they will deny stars existence before then
actions and work don’t indicate noble ness s as its often driven by a need of noble ness, instead "noble soul has reverence for itself”
one of subtlest means of deceiving by hiding intellect is enthusiasm and virtue
a recluse who has been in solitude with his thoughts for a year acquires a chilly, repulsive undertone in his words
- He decides every philosophy is a foreground philosophy with a richer one deeper and it’s suspicious, arbitrary where a philosopher stopped digging
  - "every philosophy also conceals a philosophy; every opinion is also a lurking place, every word is also a mask”
"every deep thinker is more afraid of being understood then being misunderstood. The latter perhaps wound his vanity; but the former wounds his heart, his sympathy, which always says: ‘Ah, why would you also have as hard a time of it as I have?’” ^d4edb3
man, the cunning deceptive animal, created the good conscience and morality to enjoy the sight of his soul
a man who can carry out a resolution , remain true to an opinion, keep hold of a women, punish and overthrow insolence in other words a master has sympathy it has value
"‘laughing is a bad infirmity of human nature, which every thinking mind will strive to overcome’ Hobbes” meanwhile Neitzche would rank philosophers by the quality of their laughing
Neitzche is the last disciple and initiate of the god Dionysus, the philosopher god
- Dionysus once said, "i like man, and often think how I can still further advance him, and make him stronger, more evil, and more profound”
oh Neitzche evil thoughts when they were young they were malicious and full of spices and thorns, but can only be written when they are just about to lose their odor and now they are becoming truths